Cooling apparatus for automobiles



N09. 15, 1927. 1,649,389 H. H. CRAWFORD COOLING APPARATUS FOR AUTOMOBILES Filed 001. 8, 1925 2 she1s-s11eet 1 v @fnl/0671 /x @ge/55 65' Hwczrc/H Crazy/0rd Nv.15,1927. l 1,649,389

H. H. CRAWFORD COOLING APPARATUS FOR AUTOMOBILES Filed OCl.. 8, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented vNov. 15, 1927.

UNITED STATES v HWARD H. CRAWFORD, F DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO PINES WINTERFRONT PATENT OFFICE.

. COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A C ORPORA'IIONDF DELAWARE,

cooLING ArPARATUs non. AUTOMOBILES.

vAppncatnm ined october tus for'motor vehicles and the like, and has ,l .the shut-ter is actuated to admit cooling air y l urged toward the partition 12 by spring 20 among its objects the provision of thermostatic control means for efficiently regulatingv the cooling system. .A further object resides in the` provision y of thermostatic control means for restricting or by-passing the Water to assist .in Warming up the motor quickly in the Warmer seasons ofthe year when t-he use of shutters is impractical. l The invention further includes a radiator shutter thermostatcally voperated -whereby to the radiator after the cooling Water has been brought up to the deslred temperature by reason of. theJ` by-pass. The invention also affords a construction permitting convenient detachment of the shutter, as when the motor vehicle. is operatedin the Warmer seasons of the year, and at the same time permitting the thermostatic control to function whereby the engine is quickly warmed and efciently operated.

With these and other objects in view, the` invention resides in the vnovel featuresfotA I construction and`combination and arrangements of partsas more fully hereinafter described and claimed. In the drawingsillustrating-a preferred embodiment of my invention:

Figure 1 is a side elevational View of.` an internal combustion engine and radiator showing my invention applied thereto;

` the planes 3-3 and 4.-4 of ig. 2,"z`1nd Fig. 5 is a sectional View through the ra,

Fig. 2 is 'a sectional View one larger scale ofthe thermostatic'apparatus5 Figs. 3 andl are sectional vlews taken o n diator shutter attachment taken on the plane of the line 5*5 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 1. illustrates a typical automobile power plant comprising the motor 6, radiator 7 and Water connections 8 and 9 for connecting the radiator with the cylinder` jack- The circulation may be shown.

Referring to Fig. 2` theupper tank '10 of' the radiator is formed with transverse partitions 11, 12, dividing the tank 10 into chambers A, B and C. The `partition 11 constitutes the end Wall of a cup-shaped shell 13 having an outwardly extending flange 14 at s, 1925. serial Nq. 61,292.

ing.v The end plate '15 is ,provided with a l I packed bearing 18 in which slides a valve stem 19 carrying valves 21 and 22. Whicharc to substantially cover the by-pass ports 23 and 24, respectively, therein. The partition 12 is preferably formed With a centrally disposed relatively large. opening 25 forming a seat for a valve 26. Between the valve 26 and the valve stem 19 a byfpass thermostat 27 is positioned Within the chamber C', for

vactuating the valve stemv 19 and valves 21 and 22. The valve 26 is actuatable through a valve stem 28 bya main thermostat 29 located in chamber B. The partition'll is provided with a plurality of'openings 3]. permitting passage, of Water therethrough.

-It will be understood that the thermostats 27 land 29 may each consist of a single ,thermostatic unit or of a plurality 'of thermostatic wafers', as shown.

The chamber A communicates with the cooling surfaces of the radiator, While chamber C receives the cooling Water from the engine through'the conduit 8. This conduit, or therubber hose portion thereof is connected to a` nipple 32 extending from the end plate 15.A .r l

f Associated With the above-described thermostatic mechanism is a radiator shutter attachment designated 34 in its entirety. This device. comprises a fenestrated shell 35 in `which are mounteda plurality of pivotally 'supported shutters 36. When the shutter attachment is mounted on the radiator, these shutters 36 are automatically actuated by the above described thermostatic mechanism. 4This operative connection is preferably established throughl a long slender rod 38 whichpasses through one of the openings in the radiator core. The rear end of this rod isvconnected by a pivot 39 to an operating lever 41 which extends clown across the end of eratively connected to the radiator shutters in any preferred manner. In the arrangement shown 1n Figures 2 and 5, the rod connects` to an arm 46 mounted on a'horizontal shaft 47. This shaft has pivotal support in bearings 48 carried by the shell of the attachment. The other end'of this shaft carries an arm 49 which has pivotal attachment with the link 51 connecting all ofthe shutters together. The shuttersare preferably urged towards closed position by the spring 52 connected lto the upper end of the link. VVhe'n the shutter attachment is removed forv warm weather driving, the rod 38 is releasedr from the operating lever 41 by removal of the pivot 39, thereby permitting removal of the shutter attachment and rod, and the operating lever 41 may also be removed, if desired, by releasingthe pivot 42.

y In operation, before the engine is started up the shutters 36 will normally be closed and the thermostats 27 and 29 contracted, the valves21 and 22 substantially closing ports 23 and 24, respectively. After starting -up the engine the cooling water entering chamber C by the conduit 8, exerts a heating inluence on the` by-pass thermostat 27 expanding the same suticiently to uncover ports 23 and 24. Between the interval of starting the motor and the actuation of ther- -mostat 27 a limited quantity of water may be by-passedfrom chamber C to the lower part of the motor in order to prevent undue 40 resistance to the circulating pump which is ordinarily provided with cooling systems. However, the same result may be obtained by allowing a limited leakage through the partition 12 so as to render such by-pass unnecessary. This may be accomplished by providing relatively small vents 55 in the periphery of the partition 12. It will thus be noted that in starting the motor the circulation of the cooling water is restricted vin the chamber C, beyond the limited amount allowed to leak pastthe partition 12 as aforesaid, until the water is raised to a predetermined temperature at which time the thermostat 27 will function to unseat the valves 21 and 22 to by-pass the water in restricted quantity to the chamber B.

The cooling water will thereafter be caused to circulate through the openings 31 into chamber A. When the water in chambers A and B has been raised to a predetermined temperature suitable for opening the shutters, the thermostat 29 will expand, aeting through valve stem.28 to unseat valve 26 to allow an additional quantity of water to passfrom chamber C through the opening 25 to chamber B, thus producing subthe`pivot 42. It will thus be noted that the.'

thermostats will function as before, serving to by-pass the water in restricted quantities until the cooling` system is thus quickly raised to the desired temperature in chambers B and A, whereupon the thermostat 29 will function to unseat the valve 26 affordk ingV relatively unrestricted low of the cooling water through the entire system.

lt will thus be noted that it is not necessary to warm up the entire volume of cooling water in the system to bring up the eiciency of the motor to the desired point, since the use of the by-pass or retarding thermostatic Valves stops the water circulation and allows the water in the top of the motor around the combustion chamber to reach an etlicient temperature quickly, both in the warmer seasons vwhen the shutters are not-in use and in the colder season when the vthermostat's additionally operate such shutters.

The invention affords the use of a shutter giving the maximum opening since there are no parts of the apparatus to lobstruct'the available cooling area, rendering it possible to have the shutters attached until the weather becomes quite warm.`

A further advantage resulting from my invention is in positioning the thermostats in the water where they are not subject to the many cooling` influences to which they would otherwise be exposed.,y

lVhile it is believed that from the foregoing description, the nature and advantage of my invention will be readily understood, I desire to have it understood that I do not limit myself-to what is herein shown and described and that such changes may be resorted to when desired as fall within the scope of the claims.

I claim: s

1. In combination with an engine cooling system comprising a radiator and a cooling liquid circuit including the engine and radiator, a plurality of communicating chammined temperature for causing substantially unrestricted low of liquid in the circuit.

3. In combination With an engine cooling system comprising a radiator and-a cooling liquid circuit includingr the engine'and radiator, a by-pass thermostat adapted to iestrict the flow of liquid unt-il the liquid contacting therewith ,is ,raised to alpredetermined temperature, a second thermostat controlled by said by-pass thermostat, movable shutters associated With the radiator, and means actuable by one of said thermostats for movingl the shutters.

4. In combination with an engine cooling system comprising a 'radiator and a cooling liquid circuit including the engine and radiator, a plurality o'f communicating chambers included` in said cooling liquid circuit, a thermostatin one of said chambers, valve means actuated thereby to admit said liquid to control a thermostat in another of said chambers, movable shutters associated With the radiator, and means actuable by the second said thermostat for moving the shutters.

5. In combination With an engine cooling system comprising aradiator and a cooling liquid circuit including the engine and radiator, movable shutters associated with the radiator, actuating means for moving the shutters, thermostatically controlled means for regulating the flow of cooling liquid in said circuit and for controlling a second thermostat to actuate said shutters, said actuating means being readily removed from its normal operative position Without disturbing the operation of said thermostatically controlled means.

6. In combinationvvith an engine cooling system comprising a radiator and a cooling liquid circuit including the engine'and ra-v diator, a plurality of intercominiinicating chambers included in said circuit, .one vof said chambers having .communication with thecooling liquid from the engine, a bypass thermostat Within the latter chamber, a by-pass valvev actuable by said by-pass thermostat for by-passing the liquid to another of sai-d chambers, a valvestem slidably extending through a Wall of said chamber, a main valve on said stem, a main thermostat in the second said chamber adapted to open said main valve to produce substantially unrestricted flow of cooling liquid in said circuit, movable shutters associated With the radiator, andl means controlled by said valve stem for moving the shutters.

7. In combination With an engine cooling system comprising a radiator and a cooling liquid circuit including the engine and radiator, a plurality of intercommunicating chambers included at the upper part of said circuit, one of said chambers having commu-- nication with the cooling liquid from the engine, a by-pass thermostat Within ,the latter chamber, a by-pass valve actuable by said bypass thermostat for by-passing the liquid to another of said chambers, a valve stem slidably extending through a Wall of said chamlicr, a main valve on said stem, a main therinostat in the second said chamber adapted to open said main valve toproduce substantially unrestricted flow of cooling liquid in said circuit, movable shutters associated with the radiator, a lever connected to move the shutters and mounted in the path of said'valve stem for actuation thereby. 8. In an internal combustion engine cooling system, the combination 'of a radiator comprising an upper water box, thermally responsive means in said' Water box for controlling tlie circulation through said radiator, and shutter mechanism associated with spoi'isive means.

-said radiator actuated by said thermally re- 9. In an internal combustion engine cool- A ing system, the combination of a radiator comprising an upper Water box, a thermally' responsive element in said Water box, valve sertable in said `Water box through said opening, a thermally responsive element carried by said shell, a valve port in said shell, and

a valve actuated by said thermallyresponsive element for controlling said valve' port, said thermally responsive element, valve and valve port being removable Withsaid shell asa unit.

1l. In an internal combustion engine cool-v ing system, the combinationof alradiator comprising an upper Water box, said Water box having an opening therein, a shell insertable in said Water box through said opening, a thermally responsive element carried by said shell, a valve port in said shell,

a valve actuated by said thermally responsive elementtor controlling said valve port,

said thermally responsive element, ,valve and valve port being removable With said shell as a unit, a shutter attachment removably l ymounted on said radiator, and motion transsystem comprising a radiator and a cooling liquid circuit including the engine and radiator, a chamber located in said circuit above the engine, a second chamber for restricted communication with said first chamber, a plurality ot' valves for establishing communication between said chambers, a thermostat in said first claimedr chamber controlling said Valves, a thermostat in said second chamber and shutters'actuated therebyy to control the circulation of air through said radiator.

13. In combination with an engine cooling system comprising a radiator and a cooling liquid circuit including the engine and radiator, a chamber located in said circuit above the engine, a second chamber for restricted communication With said {irst chamber, a plurality of valves for establishing communication between said chambers, a. thermostat in said first claimed chamber controlling saidvalves, a thermostat in said second chamber ands a plurality of shutters on rel/lasen thermostat in said first claimed chamber con- Y trolling said valves, land a thermostat ,in said second chamber controlling another valve .between said chambers for permitting unrestricted flow through the same.

`l5. In combination With an engine cooling system comprising aradiator and a cooling liquid circuit including the engine and radiator, a chamber located in' said circuit above the engine, a second chamber for restricted communication with said first .chamber, a pluralitybf valves for establishing communication between said chambers, a thermostat in said irst claimed chamber controlling said valves, a thermostat in said second rchamber controlling another valve between said chambers `for permitting unrestricted flow through the same, and shutters actuated .by said latter thermostat to control.

the circulation of air through said radiator.

In Witness whereof, l'. hereunto subscribe my name this 24th day of September, 1925.

HOVVA'RD H; CRAWFORD. 

